A faraid distribution gives a daughter half a son’s share. Whether that can be challenged in British Columbia — and by whom — is the question every Muslim family planning an estate here should ask before signing.
The British Columbia position
| Item | British Columbia |
|---|---|
| Governing statute | Wills, Estates and Succession Act (WESA) |
| Court | Supreme Court of British Columbia |
| Handwritten (holograph) wills | Not valid as a category — BC requires wills to be signed and witnessed by two people. Section 58 gives the court a curative discretion to give effect to a non-compliant document, but that is a court application, not a right. |
| Probate cost | Roughly 1.4% on larger estates — charged in bands above a $25,000 threshold. |
| Spouse’s share on intestacy | The spouse first takes the household furnishings outright, then a preferential share of $300,000 where all of the intestate’s descendants are also the spouse’s, or $150,000 where they are not. The residue after the preferential share is then split one half to the spouse and one half to the descendants. |
| Will registry | A government Wills Registry run by the Vital Statistics Agency. Filing a wills notice costs $17; it records only where a will is kept, never the will itself. Searching costs $20 per name (plus $5 an alias, $33 for courier), and after a death anyone may apply with a death certificate — results in 20 business days by mail, or next business day by courier. If you are looking for a will in BC, search this first: it is cheaper than any private service, ours included. |
| Claims against the estate | Section 60 of WESA permits a spouse OR a child — including an independent adult child — to apply to vary a will that fails to make adequate provision. This is the broadest such regime in Canada. |
Who can bring a claim
- Dependants who were being supported and were not adequately provided for.
- Spouses, including through family-property entitlements that operate independently of the will.
- Adult children — in British Columbia specifically, even where independent.
Mirror wills left four daughters $150,000 each — 6.6% of a $9 million estate — with the residue to two sons. The distribution reflected the parents’ traditional cultural values. The court varied the wills and awarded the daughters 60% of the estate, holding that cultural or religious preference did not justify markedly unequal treatment of children. Any BC will distributing by faraid shares should be planned with this case in mind.
Reducing the risk
- Record the religious reasoning in a memorandum kept with the will.
- Provide for genuine dependants adequately, whatever the fixed shares say.
- Consider lifetime gifts and designations, which are harder to disturb — but take tax advice.
- Get provincial advice before signing. This is the clause that gets litigated.
Common questions
Can a will be challenged just because it follows Islamic shares?
Not on that basis alone. Claims succeed on statutory grounds — inadequate provision for a dependant, or in BC for a spouse or child — not because a distribution is religious.
Does writing down my reasons help?
It can. A memorandum explaining the reasoning is evidence a court may weigh, though in BC the Grewal decision shows cultural or religious reasoning is not by itself decisive.
Are lifetime gifts safer than bequests?
They are generally harder to disturb, but they carry immediate tax consequences and can still be examined. Take tax and legal advice before moving assets.
Citations & sources
Every factual claim on this page traces to a source below. Details change — check the original source before relying on any figure, fee or legal position. Anything under “further reading” is related material, not a source for what is stated here.
- What to do when someone has died — Canada Revenue Agency
- Wills, Estates and Succession Act, SBC 2009, c 13 — BC Laws
- Probate fees by province / territory — TaxTips.ca
- Wills Registry — Province of British Columbia
- Grewal v. Litt, 2019 BCSC 1154 — CanLII
- Surah an-Nisa 4:11–12, 4:176 — Quran.com
- Book of Wills (Wasaya) — Sahih al-Bukhari, Sunnah.com
- Religion by census metropolitan area, 2021 Census — Statistics Canada
- Adult child dependant support claim ontario — Treadstone Law
- Preferential share spouse intestacy ontario — Treadstone Law
- Holograph handwritten will ontario — Treadstone Law
- What is preferential share ontario intestacy — Treadstone Law
- Estranged adult child dependant support claim ontario — Treadstone Law
- Wills & estates practice — Treadstone Law