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Mafqud

A missing person whose death cannot be established.

Draft — pending review. This page has been prepared but has not yet been reviewed by a Canadian estates lawyer or a qualified scholar. Treat it as a starting point for questions, not as advice you should act on.

A missing person whose death cannot be established.

In Islamic law

Classical law sets waiting periods before a missing person is presumed dead, and their share is held in the interim. The schools differ on the period.

In Canadian law

Provincial legislation provides for declarations of presumed death, generally after seven years of absence. The estate cannot be distributed until the declaration is made.

Across the madhahib

No significant difference between the four Sunni schools is recorded on this point in the sources reviewed. Where a specific case turns on it, ask a qualified scholar rather than relying on a general summary.

Canadian legal detail

Treadstone Law, an Ontario firm with a wills and estates practice, covers the Canadian side of this in more depth:

Important

This entry is general information, not legal or religious advice. Inheritance turns on the exact family circumstances. Confirm Canadian law with a lawyer in your province, and any religious ruling with a qualified scholar.

Citations & sources

Every factual claim on this page traces to one of the references below. Legislation and dollar thresholds change — verify against the primary source before relying on any figure.

Islamic primary sources
  1. Surah an-Nisa 4:11 — shares of children and parents — Quran.com
  2. Surah an-Nisa 4:12 — shares of spouses and uterine siblings — Quran.com
  3. Surah an-Nisa 4:176 — the kalalah verse — Quran.com
  4. Sahih al-Bukhari, Book 85: Laws of Inheritance (Faraid) — Sunnah.com
  5. Sahih Muslim, Book of Inheritance — Sunnah.com
Scholarly & institutional references
  1. Encyclopaedia of Islam — Brill
Canadian legislation & government
  1. Succession Law Reform Act, RSO 1990, c S.26 — Government of Ontario
  2. Locating wills and documents — Law Society of Ontario
Canadian legal commentary
  1. Ontario multiple wills primary secondary probate savings — Treadstone Law
  2. What to do if you were left out of a will ontario — Treadstone Law
  3. Capacity assessment will elderly ontario — Treadstone Law
  4. Multiple wills ontario — Treadstone Law
  5. Does spouse inherit if no will ontario — Treadstone Law
  6. Wills & estates practice — Treadstone Law