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Does a common-law partner inherit in Canada?

It depends entirely on the province. Several treat a qualifying common-law partner as a spouse on intestacy; Ontario does not.

This is legal information only. For advice on your own circumstances, speak to a lawyer.

It depends entirely on the province. Several treat a qualifying common-law partner as a spouse on intestacy; Ontario does not.

The Canadian position

British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, PEI, Nova Scotia and the Northwest Territories recognise qualifying common-law partners for intestacy purposes. Ontario does not, though a partner may claim dependant support.

Qualifying periods and definitions differ, so the label is not portable between provinces.

The Islamic position

Islamic law recognises inheritance between spouses in a valid marriage. Where a couple is not married either religiously or civilly, no inheritance right arises on either system.

Researched — the schools differ

A valid nikah is one of the three causes of inheritance the four imams agree on, and all four schools agree the contract is formed by offer and acceptance — though they differ over the wali and the witnesses. On the two questions that actually decide estates the split is three-to-one, and it runs opposite ways. The Hanafi, Shafi’i and Hanbali schools hold that an irregular (fasid) marriage creates no inheritance at all, and that a marriage contracted in a death-illness is perfectly valid and does let the new spouse inherit. The Maliki school reverses both.

All four Sunni schools researched and sourced. Reviewed 2026-09-01. Full positions, evidence and sources — Which marriages let a spouse inherit.

The mistake people make

A religious marriage never registered civilly can leave a widow with nothing under Ontario intestacy. Make a will regardless.

Note

This is legal information only. For advice on your own circumstances, speak to a lawyer.

Citations & sources

Every factual claim on this page traces to a source below. Details change — check the original source before relying on any figure, fee or legal position. Anything under “further reading” is related material, not a source for what is stated here.

Canadian legislation & government
  1. Succession Law Reform Act, RSO 1990, c S.26 — Government of Ontario
  2. Administering estates — Government of Ontario
  3. Family Law Act, RSO 1990, c F.3 — Government of Ontario
Further reading — Treadstone Law
  1. Common law partner dependant support claim ontario — Treadstone Law
  2. How does intestacy treat common law children — Treadstone Law
  3. Common law partner intestacy ontario — Treadstone Law
  4. Common law spouse dependant support claim ontario — Treadstone Law
  5. Wills & estates practice — Treadstone Law